Syngas-Biomass Engines

► What's Syngas ?

Syngas, or synthesis gas, is a fuel gas mixture consisting primarily of hydrogen, carbon monoxide, and very often some carbon dioxide. Syngas is usually a product of gasification and the main application is electricity generation. Syngas is combustible and often used as a fuel of internal combustion engines. It has less than half the energy density of natural gas.

Syngas can be produced from many sources, including natural gas, coal, biomass, or virtually any hydrocarbon feedstock, by reaction with steam (steam reforming), carbon dioxide (dry reforming) or oxygen (partial oxidation). Syngas is a crucial intermediate resource for production of hydrogen, ammonia, methanol, and synthetic hydrocarbon fuels.

Production methods include steam reforming of natural gas or liquid hydrocarbons to produce hydrogen, the gasification of coal, biomass, and in some types of waste-to-energy gasification facilities.

► Typical Diagram of Ettes Power Syngas-Biomass Power Plant


 

► Requirements for Syngas-Biomass Quality

 

Before entering into engine, the biomass should be appropriate filtering, gas-liquid separation and pressure regulation. If the temperature is too high, it should be through cooling treatment, and make sure there is no liquid content in the gas. 
• Heat value≥4MJ/Nm3
• Gas temperature≤40°C, Moisture content≤40g/Nm3(without free water)
• Tar content≤50mg/Nm3, H2S content≤50mg/Nm3,Total Sulfur content ≤100mg/Nm3
• Impurities particle size≤5μm, Impurity content≤30mg/Nm3 
• Gas pressure 3~5kpa, Pressure change rate≤1kPa/min
• Ammonia content≤20mg/Nm3, Chlorine content ≤50mg/Nm3
• Hydrogen volume content≤50%, Oxygen volume content≤1%
• The capacity of syngas pressure-buffering tank should match well with the generator’s gas consumption.
• The acceptable fuels can be low BTU gas (including Syngas, Wast to Energy Gas, Biomass,Wood gas, producer gas, rice husk gas, sawdust gas, woodchip gas, straw gas, coal gas, coking gas, coke oven gas, semi-coke gas, synthesis gas, pyrolysis gas etc.)

► Main Datasheet of Ettes Power Syngas-Biomass Engine Generation

   
 

Low Speed Syngas/Biomass Engine Generator Set (50Hz/60Hz)
Model	Rated Power		Engine Model		Alternator	Rotation Speed	DSPL. (Liters)	No.of Cylinders & Type	Overall dimension (L*W*H)(mm)	Weight (kg)	Click for Detail Data
	KW	KVA	300 Series		Siemens	RPM (50Hz/60Hz)
EJ-200S	200	250	6190ZLT		IFC6 Series	1000/1200	35.7	6.L	4980*1760*2230	8690
EJ-320S	320	400	12V190LT		IFC6 Series	1000/1200	71.5	12.V	4790*2040*2212	11500
EJ-500S	500	625	12V190ZLT		IFC6 Series	1000/1200	71.5	12.V	4790*2040*2212	11500
EZ-300S	300	375	6300D/M		IFC6 Series	500/514	161	6.L	5800*1600*2900	18000
EZ-350SB	350	438	6300D/M		IFC6 Series	500/514	161	6.L	5800*1600*2900	18000
EZ-400S	400	500	6300D/M-1		IFC6 Series	600/600	161	6.L	5800*1600*2900	18000
EZ-450SB	450	563	8300D/M-1		IFC6 Series	500/514	215	8.L	6400*1600*2900	22000
EZ-500S	500	625	8300D/M-2		IFC6 Series	600/600	215	8.L	6400*1600*2900	22000
EZ-600S	600	750	8300D/M-3		IFC6 Series	600/600	215	8.L	6400*1600*2900	22000
EZ-800SI	800	1000	9300D/M		IFC6 Series	750/720	242	9.L	8500*1900*3500	41000
*EZ1000SB	1000	1250	9300D/M-1		IFC6 Series	750/720	242	9.L	8500*1900*3500	41000
EZ-1200SI	1200	1500	9300D/M-2		IFC6 Series	600/600	242	9.L	8500*1900*3500	42000
Remarks: • Models with “S” for both biomass and industrial tail gas; Models with “SB” for biomass & MSW syngas; Models with “SI” for syngas from industrial tail gas; • Rated frequency: both 50Hz and 60Hz are available. • Various low voltages and high voltages are available • Standard coupled alternators: Siemens IFC6 Series or Ganzhou. • Special demands for CHP/Trigeneration are available. • For syngas with high hydrogen content over 10%, adopting internal air/fuel mixing system. • Engine of 9300ZLD/M can apply for refinery gas with hydrogen volume content less than 10%. • The data herein can vary with individual requirements or improved technology. • Requirements for Syngas-Biomass Quality: Before entering into engine, the syngas should be treated with dust-removal, tar-removal, desulfurization, dewatering and cooling process, to meet up following requirements: • Heat value≥4MJ/Nm3; Gas temperature≤40°C; Gas pressure 3~5kpa, pressure change rate≤1kPa/min • Moisture Content ≤40g/Nm3 (without free water); Impurity content≤30mg/Nm3, Impurities particle size≤5μm • Tar content≤50mg/Nm3, H2S content≤50mg/Nm3, Total Sulfur content ≤100mg/Nm3 • Ammonia content≤20mg/Nm3, Chlorine content ≤50mg/Nm3 • Hydrogen volume content≤50%, Oxygen volume content≤1% •The capacity of syngas pressure-buffering tank should match well with the generator’s gas consumption. ◆The data herein can vary depending on individual production requirements or due to improved technology.

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► Waste to Energy (Synthesis Gas-Biomass) Power Plant

Waste-to-Eergy (WtE) or energy-from-waste (EfW) is the process of generating energy in the form of electricity and/or heat from the primary treatment of waste. WtE is a form of energy recovery. Most WtE processes produce electricity and/or heat directly through combustion, or produce a combustible fuel commodity, such as synthetic gas fuels.

Municipal Solid Waste (MSW), including household waste, is the residual waste put into a black bin bag or wheelie bin. MSW contains a mixture of recyclable, organic, inorganic and biodegradable materials. Recyclable materials are recovered as many as possible before drying and shredding the remainder to make a Refuse Derived Fuel (RDF) for the process. The energy from waste process, transforms the RDF into a clean hydrogen-rich synthesis gas (syngas). Ettes Power 300 series engines can deal with this kind of hydrogen-rich syngas properly.

Syngas-Biomass is organic matter derived from living or recently living organisms. In the context of biomass as a resource for making energy, it most often refers to plants or plant-based materials which are not used for food or feed, and are specifically called ligocellulosic biomass. As an energy source, biomass can either be used directly via combustion to produce heat, or indirectly after converting it to various forms of biofuel.

Wood remains the largest biomass energy source today; examples include forest residues (such as dead trees, branches and tree stumps), wood chips. Besides wood, rice husk, crop stalk, straw, straw dust, coconut fabric dust and palm bunch still can be feed stock of biomass gas.

Tar is always troublemaker for biomass combusted into electricity energy, which can block and damage the turbocharger and intercooler. However, Ettes Power 300 series biomass engines has strong treatment and resistance ability against tar, and with advantages of low speed, big cylinder, big displacement and special design for syngas fuel, Ettes Power engines are the best choice for syngas/biomass power plant.

 

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